Circles#

class sage.plot.circle.Circle(x, y, r, options)#

Bases: GraphicPrimitive

Primitive class for the Circle graphics type. See circle? for information about actually plotting circles.

INPUT:

  • x – \(x\)-coordinate of center of Circle

  • y – \(y\)-coordinate of center of Circle

  • r – radius of Circle object

  • options – dict of valid plot options to pass to constructor

EXAMPLES:

Note this should normally be used indirectly via circle:

sage: from sage.plot.circle import Circle
sage: C = Circle(2,3,5,{'zorder':2})
sage: C
Circle defined by (2.0,3.0) with r=5.0
sage: C.options()['zorder']
2
sage: C.r
5.0
get_minmax_data()#

Return a dictionary with the bounding box data.

EXAMPLES:

sage: p = circle((3, 3), 1)
sage: d = p.get_minmax_data()
sage: d['xmin']
2.0
sage: d['ymin']
2.0
plot3d(z=0, **kwds)#

Plots a 2D circle (actually a 50-gon) in 3D, with default height zero.

INPUT:

  • z - optional 3D height above \(xy\)-plane.

EXAMPLES:

sage: circle((0,0), 1).plot3d()
Graphics3d Object

This example uses this method implicitly, but does not pass the optional parameter z to this method:

sage: sum(circle((random(),random()), random()).plot3d(z=random())
....:     for _ in range(20))
Graphics3d Object
../../_images/circle-1.svg

These examples are explicit, and pass z to this method:

sage: from math import pi
sage: C = circle((2,pi), 2, hue=.8, alpha=.3, fill=True)
sage: c = C[0]
sage: d = c.plot3d(z=2)
sage: d.texture.opacity
0.3

sage: C = circle((2,pi), 2, hue=.8, alpha=.3, linestyle='dotted')
sage: c = C[0]
sage: d = c.plot3d(z=2)
sage: d.jmol_repr(d.testing_render_params())[0][-1]
'color $line_1 translucent 0.7 [204,0,255]'
sage.plot.circle.circle(center, radius, alpha=1, fill=False, thickness=1, edgecolor='blue', facecolor='blue', linestyle='solid', zorder=5, legend_label=None, legend_color=None, clip=True, aspect_ratio=1.0, **options)#

Return a circle at a point center = \((x,y)\) (or \((x,y,z)\) and parallel to the \(xy\)-plane) with radius = \(r\). Type circle.options to see all options.

OPTIONS:

  • alpha - default: 1

  • fill - default: False

  • thickness - default: 1

  • linestyle - default: 'solid' (2D plotting only) The style of the line, which is one of 'dashed', 'dotted', 'solid', 'dashdot', or '--', ':', '-', '-.', respectively.

  • edgecolor - default: ‘blue’ (2D plotting only)

  • facecolor - default: ‘blue’ (2D plotting only, useful only if fill=True)

  • rgbcolor - 2D or 3D plotting. This option overrides edgecolor and facecolor for 2D plotting.

  • legend_label - the label for this item in the legend

  • legend_color - the color for the legend label

EXAMPLES:

The default color is blue, the default linestyle is solid, but this is easy to change:

sage: c = circle((1,1), 1)
sage: c
Graphics object consisting of 1 graphics primitive
../../_images/circle-2.svg
sage: c = circle((1,1), 1, rgbcolor=(1,0,0), linestyle='-.')
sage: c
Graphics object consisting of 1 graphics primitive
../../_images/circle-3.svg

We can also use this command to plot three-dimensional circles parallel to the \(xy\)-plane:

sage: c = circle((1,1,3), 1, rgbcolor=(1,0,0))
sage: c
Graphics3d Object
sage: type(c)
<class 'sage.plot.plot3d.base.TransformGroup'>
../../_images/circle-4.svg

To correct the aspect ratio of certain graphics, it is necessary to show with a figsize of square dimensions:

sage: c.show(figsize=[5,5],xmin=-1,xmax=3,ymin=-1,ymax=3)

Here we make a more complicated plot, with many circles of different colors:

sage: g = Graphics()
sage: step = 6; ocur = 1/5; paths = 16
sage: PI = math.pi    # numerical for speed -- fine for graphics
sage: for r in range(1,paths+1):
....:     for x,y in [((r+ocur)*math.cos(n), (r+ocur)*math.sin(n))
....:                 for n in srange(0, 2*PI+PI/step, PI/step)]:
....:         g += circle((x,y), ocur, rgbcolor=hue(r/paths))
....:     rnext = (r+1)^2
....:     ocur = (rnext-r)-ocur
sage: g.show(xmin=-(paths+1)^2, xmax=(paths+1)^2,
....:        ymin=-(paths+1)^2, ymax=(paths+1)^2, figsize=[6,6])
../../_images/circle-5.svg

Note that the rgbcolor option overrides the other coloring options. This produces red fill in a blue circle:

sage: circle((2,3), 1, fill=True, edgecolor='blue', facecolor='red')
Graphics object consisting of 1 graphics primitive
../../_images/circle-6.svg

This produces an all-green filled circle:

sage: circle((2,3), 1, fill=True, edgecolor='blue', rgbcolor='green')
Graphics object consisting of 1 graphics primitive
../../_images/circle-7.svg

The option hue overrides all other options, so be careful with its use. This produces a purplish filled circle:

sage: circle((2,3), 1, fill=True, edgecolor='blue', rgbcolor='green', hue=.8)
Graphics object consisting of 1 graphics primitive
../../_images/circle-8.svg

And circles with legends:

sage: circle((4,5), 1, rgbcolor='yellow', fill=True,
....:        legend_label='the sun').show(xmin=0, ymin=0)
../../_images/circle-9.svg
sage: circle((4,5), 1,
....:        legend_label='the sun', legend_color='yellow').show(xmin=0, ymin=0)
../../_images/circle-10.svg

Extra options will get passed on to show(), as long as they are valid:

sage: circle((0, 0), 2, figsize=[10,10])  # That circle is huge!
Graphics object consisting of 1 graphics primitive

sage: circle((0, 0), 2).show(figsize=[10,10])  # These are equivalent