Elements of quasimodular forms rings¶

AUTHORS:

DAVID AYOTTE (2021-03-18): initial version
Seewoo Lee (2023-09): coefficients method

class sage.modular.quasimodform.element.QuasiModularFormsElement(parent, polynomial)[source]¶

Bases: ModuleElement

A quasimodular forms ring element. Such an element is described by SageMath as a polynomial

\[F = f_0 + f_1 E_2 + f_2 E_2^2 + \cdots + f_m E_2^m\]

where each \(f_i\) a graded modular form element (see GradedModularFormElement)

For an integer \(k\), we say that \(F\) is homogeneous of weight \(k\) if it lies in an homogeneous component of degree \(k\) of the graded ring of quasimodular forms.

EXAMPLES:

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(1)
sage: QM.gens()
[1 - 24*q - 72*q^2 - 96*q^3 - 168*q^4 - 144*q^5 + O(q^6),
1 + 240*q + 2160*q^2 + 6720*q^3 + 17520*q^4 + 30240*q^5 + O(q^6),
1 - 504*q - 16632*q^2 - 122976*q^3 - 532728*q^4 - 1575504*q^5 + O(q^6)]
sage: QM.0 + QM.1
2 + 216*q + 2088*q^2 + 6624*q^3 + 17352*q^4 + 30096*q^5 + O(q^6)
sage: QM.0 * QM.1
1 + 216*q - 3672*q^2 - 62496*q^3 - 322488*q^4 - 1121904*q^5 + O(q^6)
sage: (QM.0)^2
1 - 48*q + 432*q^2 + 3264*q^3 + 9456*q^4 + 21600*q^5 + O(q^6)
sage: QM.0 == QM.1
False

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Integer(1))
>>> QM.gens()
[1 - 24*q - 72*q^2 - 96*q^3 - 168*q^4 - 144*q^5 + O(q^6),
1 + 240*q + 2160*q^2 + 6720*q^3 + 17520*q^4 + 30240*q^5 + O(q^6),
1 - 504*q - 16632*q^2 - 122976*q^3 - 532728*q^4 - 1575504*q^5 + O(q^6)]
>>> QM.gen(0) + QM.gen(1)
2 + 216*q + 2088*q^2 + 6624*q^3 + 17352*q^4 + 30096*q^5 + O(q^6)
>>> QM.gen(0) * QM.gen(1)
1 + 216*q - 3672*q^2 - 62496*q^3 - 322488*q^4 - 1121904*q^5 + O(q^6)
>>> (QM.gen(0))**Integer(2)
1 - 48*q + 432*q^2 + 3264*q^3 + 9456*q^4 + 21600*q^5 + O(q^6)
>>> QM.gen(0) == QM.gen(1)
False

Quasimodular forms ring element can be created via a polynomial in \(E2\) over the ring of modular forms:

Sage

sage: E2 = QM.polygen()
sage: E2.parent()
Univariate Polynomial Ring in E2 over Ring of Modular Forms for Modular Group SL(2,Z) over Rational Field
sage: QM(E2)
1 - 24*q - 72*q^2 - 96*q^3 - 168*q^4 - 144*q^5 + O(q^6)
sage: M = QM.modular_forms_subring()
sage: QM(M.0 * E2 + M.1 * E2^2)
2 - 336*q + 4320*q^2 + 398400*q^3 - 3772992*q^4 - 89283168*q^5 + O(q^6)

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> E2 = QM.polygen()
>>> E2.parent()
Univariate Polynomial Ring in E2 over Ring of Modular Forms for Modular Group SL(2,Z) over Rational Field
>>> QM(E2)
1 - 24*q - 72*q^2 - 96*q^3 - 168*q^4 - 144*q^5 + O(q^6)
>>> M = QM.modular_forms_subring()
>>> QM(M.gen(0) * E2 + M.gen(1) * E2**Integer(2))
2 - 336*q + 4320*q^2 + 398400*q^3 - 3772992*q^4 - 89283168*q^5 + O(q^6)

One may convert a quasimodular form into a multivariate polynomial in the generators of the ring by calling polynomial():

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(1)
sage: F = QM.0^2 + QM.1^2 + QM.0*QM.1*QM.2
sage: F.polynomial()
E2*E4*E6 + E4^2 + E2^2

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Integer(1))
>>> F = QM.gen(0)**Integer(2) + QM.gen(1)**Integer(2) + QM.gen(0)*QM.gen(1)*QM.gen(2)
>>> F.polynomial()
E2*E4*E6 + E4^2 + E2^2

If the group is not the full modular group, the default names of the generators are given by Ek_i and Sk_i to denote the \(i\)-th basis element of the weight \(k\) Eisenstein subspace and cuspidal subspace respectively (for more details, see the documentation of polynomial_ring())

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(Gamma1(4))
sage: F = (QM.0^4)*(QM.1^3) + QM.3
sage: F.polynomial()
-512*E2^4*E2_1^3 + E2^4*E3_0^2 + 48*E2^4*E3_1^2 + E3_0

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Gamma1(Integer(4)))
>>> F = (QM.gen(0)**Integer(4))*(QM.gen(1)**Integer(3)) + QM.gen(3)
>>> F.polynomial()
-512*E2^4*E2_1^3 + E2^4*E3_0^2 + 48*E2^4*E3_1^2 + E3_0

coefficients(X)[source]¶

Return the coefficients of \(q^n\) of the \(q\)-expansion of this, graded quasimodular form for \(n\) in the list \(X\).

If X is an integer, return coefficients for indices from 1 to X. This method caches the result.

EXAMPLES:

Sage

sage: E2, E4 = QuasiModularForms(1).0, QuasiModularForms(1).1
sage: f = E2^2
sage: g = E2^3 * E4
sage: f.coefficients(10)
[-48, 432, 3264, 9456, 21600, 39744, 66432, 105840, 147984, 220320]
sage: f.coefficients([0,1])
[1, -48]
sage: f.coefficients([0,1,2,3])
[1, -48, 432, 3264]
sage: f.coefficients([2,3])
[432, 3264]
sage: g.coefficients(10)
[168,
 -13608,
 210336,
 1805496,
 -22562064,
 -322437024,
 -2063087808,
 -9165872520,
 -32250917496,
 -96383477232]
sage: g.coefficients([3, 7])
[210336, -2063087808]

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> E2, E4 = QuasiModularForms(Integer(1)).gen(0), QuasiModularForms(Integer(1)).gen(1)
>>> f = E2**Integer(2)
>>> g = E2**Integer(3) * E4
>>> f.coefficients(Integer(10))
[-48, 432, 3264, 9456, 21600, 39744, 66432, 105840, 147984, 220320]
>>> f.coefficients([Integer(0),Integer(1)])
[1, -48]
>>> f.coefficients([Integer(0),Integer(1),Integer(2),Integer(3)])
[1, -48, 432, 3264]
>>> f.coefficients([Integer(2),Integer(3)])
[432, 3264]
>>> g.coefficients(Integer(10))
[168,
 -13608,
 210336,
 1805496,
 -22562064,
 -322437024,
 -2063087808,
 -9165872520,
 -32250917496,
 -96383477232]
>>> g.coefficients([Integer(3), Integer(7)])
[210336, -2063087808]

degree()[source]¶

Return the weight of the given quasimodular form.

Note that the given form must be homogeneous. An alias of this method is degree.

EXAMPLES:

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(1)
sage: (QM.0).weight()
2
sage: (QM.0 * QM.1 + QM.2).weight()
6
sage: QM(1/2).weight()
0
sage: (QM.0).degree()
2
sage: (QM.0 + QM.1).weight()
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: the given graded quasiform is not an homogeneous element

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Integer(1))
>>> (QM.gen(0)).weight()
2
>>> (QM.gen(0) * QM.gen(1) + QM.gen(2)).weight()
6
>>> QM(Integer(1)/Integer(2)).weight()
0
>>> (QM.gen(0)).degree()
2
>>> (QM.gen(0) + QM.gen(1)).weight()
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: the given graded quasiform is not an homogeneous element

depth()[source]¶

Return the depth of this quasimodular form.

Note that the quasimodular form must be homogeneous of weight \(k\). Recall that the depth is the integer \(p\) such that

\[f = f_0 + f_1 E_2 + \cdots + f_p E_2^p,\]

where \(f_i\) is a modular form of weight \(k - 2i\) and \(f_p\) is nonzero.

EXAMPLES:

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(1)
sage: E2, E4, E6 = QM.gens()
sage: E2.depth()
1
sage: F = E4^2 + E6*E2 + E4*E2^2 + E2^4
sage: F.depth()
4
sage: QM(7/11).depth()
0

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Integer(1))
>>> E2, E4, E6 = QM.gens()
>>> E2.depth()
1
>>> F = E4**Integer(2) + E6*E2 + E4*E2**Integer(2) + E2**Integer(4)
>>> F.depth()
4
>>> QM(Integer(7)/Integer(11)).depth()
0

derivative()[source]¶

Return the derivative \(q \frac{d}{dq}\) of the given quasimodular form.

If the form is not homogeneous, then this method sums the derivative of each homogeneous component.

EXAMPLES:

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(1)
sage: E2, E4, E6 = QM.gens()
sage: dE2 = E2.derivative(); dE2
-24*q - 144*q^2 - 288*q^3 - 672*q^4 - 720*q^5 + O(q^6)
sage: dE2 == (E2^2 - E4)/12 # Ramanujan identity
True
sage: dE4 = E4.derivative(); dE4
240*q + 4320*q^2 + 20160*q^3 + 70080*q^4 + 151200*q^5 + O(q^6)
sage: dE4 == (E2 * E4 - E6)/3 # Ramanujan identity
True
sage: dE6 = E6.derivative(); dE6
-504*q - 33264*q^2 - 368928*q^3 - 2130912*q^4 - 7877520*q^5 + O(q^6)
sage: dE6 == (E2 * E6 - E4^2)/2 # Ramanujan identity
True

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Integer(1))
>>> E2, E4, E6 = QM.gens()
>>> dE2 = E2.derivative(); dE2
-24*q - 144*q^2 - 288*q^3 - 672*q^4 - 720*q^5 + O(q^6)
>>> dE2 == (E2**Integer(2) - E4)/Integer(12) # Ramanujan identity
True
>>> dE4 = E4.derivative(); dE4
240*q + 4320*q^2 + 20160*q^3 + 70080*q^4 + 151200*q^5 + O(q^6)
>>> dE4 == (E2 * E4 - E6)/Integer(3) # Ramanujan identity
True
>>> dE6 = E6.derivative(); dE6
-504*q - 33264*q^2 - 368928*q^3 - 2130912*q^4 - 7877520*q^5 + O(q^6)
>>> dE6 == (E2 * E6 - E4**Integer(2))/Integer(2) # Ramanujan identity
True

Note that the derivative of a modular form is not necessarily a modular form:

Sage

sage: dE4.is_modular_form()
False
sage: dE4.weight()
6

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> dE4.is_modular_form()
False
>>> dE4.weight()
6

homogeneous_component(weight)[source]¶

Return the homogeneous component of the given quasimodular form ring element.

An alias of this method is homogeneous_component.

EXAMPLES:

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(1)
sage: E2, E4, E6 = QM.gens()
sage: F = E2 + E4*E6 + E2^3*E6
sage: F[2]
1 - 24*q - 72*q^2 - 96*q^3 - 168*q^4 - 144*q^5 + O(q^6)
sage: F[10]
1 - 264*q - 135432*q^2 - 5196576*q^3 - 69341448*q^4 - 515625264*q^5 + O(q^6)
sage: F[12]
1 - 576*q + 21168*q^2 + 308736*q^3 - 15034608*q^4 - 39208320*q^5 + O(q^6)
sage: F[4]
0
sage: F.homogeneous_component(2)
1 - 24*q - 72*q^2 - 96*q^3 - 168*q^4 - 144*q^5 + O(q^6)

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Integer(1))
>>> E2, E4, E6 = QM.gens()
>>> F = E2 + E4*E6 + E2**Integer(3)*E6
>>> F[Integer(2)]
1 - 24*q - 72*q^2 - 96*q^3 - 168*q^4 - 144*q^5 + O(q^6)
>>> F[Integer(10)]
1 - 264*q - 135432*q^2 - 5196576*q^3 - 69341448*q^4 - 515625264*q^5 + O(q^6)
>>> F[Integer(12)]
1 - 576*q + 21168*q^2 + 308736*q^3 - 15034608*q^4 - 39208320*q^5 + O(q^6)
>>> F[Integer(4)]
0
>>> F.homogeneous_component(Integer(2))
1 - 24*q - 72*q^2 - 96*q^3 - 168*q^4 - 144*q^5 + O(q^6)

homogeneous_components()[source]¶

Return a dictionary where the values are the homogeneous components of the given graded form and the keys are the weights of those components.

EXAMPLES:

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(1)
sage: (QM.0).homogeneous_components()
{2: 1 - 24*q - 72*q^2 - 96*q^3 - 168*q^4 - 144*q^5 + O(q^6)}
sage: (QM.0 + QM.1 + QM.2).homogeneous_components()
{2: 1 - 24*q - 72*q^2 - 96*q^3 - 168*q^4 - 144*q^5 + O(q^6),
 4: 1 + 240*q + 2160*q^2 + 6720*q^3 + 17520*q^4 + 30240*q^5 + O(q^6),
 6: 1 - 504*q - 16632*q^2 - 122976*q^3 - 532728*q^4 - 1575504*q^5 + O(q^6)}
sage: (1 + QM.0).homogeneous_components()
{0: 1, 2: 1 - 24*q - 72*q^2 - 96*q^3 - 168*q^4 - 144*q^5 + O(q^6)}
sage: QM5 = QuasiModularForms(Gamma1(3))
sage: F = QM.1 + QM.1*QM.2 + QM.1*QM.0 + (QM.1 + QM.2^2)*QM.0^3
sage: F.homogeneous_components()
{4: 1 + 240*q + 2160*q^2 + 6720*q^3 + 17520*q^4 + 30240*q^5 + O(q^6),
 6: 1 + 216*q - 3672*q^2 - 62496*q^3 - 322488*q^4 - 1121904*q^5 + O(q^6),
 10: 2 - 96*q - 149040*q^2 - 4986240*q^3 - 67535952*q^4 - 538187328*q^5 + O(q^6),
 18: 1 - 1080*q + 294840*q^2 - 902880*q^3 - 452402280*q^4 + 105456816*q^5 + O(q^6)}
sage: F = QM.zero()
sage: F.homogeneous_components()
{0: 0}
sage: F = QM(42/13)
sage: F.homogeneous_components()
{0: 42/13}

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Integer(1))
>>> (QM.gen(0)).homogeneous_components()
{2: 1 - 24*q - 72*q^2 - 96*q^3 - 168*q^4 - 144*q^5 + O(q^6)}
>>> (QM.gen(0) + QM.gen(1) + QM.gen(2)).homogeneous_components()
{2: 1 - 24*q - 72*q^2 - 96*q^3 - 168*q^4 - 144*q^5 + O(q^6),
 4: 1 + 240*q + 2160*q^2 + 6720*q^3 + 17520*q^4 + 30240*q^5 + O(q^6),
 6: 1 - 504*q - 16632*q^2 - 122976*q^3 - 532728*q^4 - 1575504*q^5 + O(q^6)}
>>> (Integer(1) + QM.gen(0)).homogeneous_components()
{0: 1, 2: 1 - 24*q - 72*q^2 - 96*q^3 - 168*q^4 - 144*q^5 + O(q^6)}
>>> QM5 = QuasiModularForms(Gamma1(Integer(3)))
>>> F = QM.gen(1) + QM.gen(1)*QM.gen(2) + QM.gen(1)*QM.gen(0) + (QM.gen(1) + QM.gen(2)**Integer(2))*QM.gen(0)**Integer(3)
>>> F.homogeneous_components()
{4: 1 + 240*q + 2160*q^2 + 6720*q^3 + 17520*q^4 + 30240*q^5 + O(q^6),
 6: 1 + 216*q - 3672*q^2 - 62496*q^3 - 322488*q^4 - 1121904*q^5 + O(q^6),
 10: 2 - 96*q - 149040*q^2 - 4986240*q^3 - 67535952*q^4 - 538187328*q^5 + O(q^6),
 18: 1 - 1080*q + 294840*q^2 - 902880*q^3 - 452402280*q^4 + 105456816*q^5 + O(q^6)}
>>> F = QM.zero()
>>> F.homogeneous_components()
{0: 0}
>>> F = QM(Integer(42)/Integer(13))
>>> F.homogeneous_components()
{0: 42/13}

is_graded_modular_form()[source]¶

Return whether the given quasimodular form is a graded modular form element (see GradedModularFormElement).

EXAMPLES:

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(1)
sage: (QM.0).is_graded_modular_form()
False
sage: (QM.1).is_graded_modular_form()
True
sage: (QM.1 + QM.0^2).is_graded_modular_form()
False
sage: (QM.1^2 + QM.2).is_graded_modular_form()
True
sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(Gamma0(6))
sage: (QM.0).is_graded_modular_form()
False
sage: (QM.1 + QM.2 + QM.1 * QM.3).is_graded_modular_form()
True
sage: QM.zero().is_graded_modular_form()
True
sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(Gamma0(6))
sage: (QM.0).is_graded_modular_form()
False
sage: (QM.0 + QM.1*QM.2 + QM.3).is_graded_modular_form()
False
sage: (QM.1*QM.2 + QM.3).is_graded_modular_form()
True

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Integer(1))
>>> (QM.gen(0)).is_graded_modular_form()
False
>>> (QM.gen(1)).is_graded_modular_form()
True
>>> (QM.gen(1) + QM.gen(0)**Integer(2)).is_graded_modular_form()
False
>>> (QM.gen(1)**Integer(2) + QM.gen(2)).is_graded_modular_form()
True
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Gamma0(Integer(6)))
>>> (QM.gen(0)).is_graded_modular_form()
False
>>> (QM.gen(1) + QM.gen(2) + QM.gen(1) * QM.gen(3)).is_graded_modular_form()
True
>>> QM.zero().is_graded_modular_form()
True
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Gamma0(Integer(6)))
>>> (QM.gen(0)).is_graded_modular_form()
False
>>> (QM.gen(0) + QM.gen(1)*QM.gen(2) + QM.gen(3)).is_graded_modular_form()
False
>>> (QM.gen(1)*QM.gen(2) + QM.gen(3)).is_graded_modular_form()
True

Note

A graded modular form in SageMath is not necessarily a modular form as it can have mixed weight components. To check for modular forms only, see the method is_modular_form().

is_homogeneous()[source]¶

Return whether the graded quasimodular form is a homogeneous element, that is, it lives in a unique graded components of the parent of self.

EXAMPLES:

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(1)
sage: E2, E4, E6 = QM.gens()
sage: (E2).is_homogeneous()
True
sage: (E2 + E4).is_homogeneous()
False
sage: (E2 * E4 + E6).is_homogeneous()
True
sage: QM(1).is_homogeneous()
True
sage: (1 + E2).is_homogeneous()
False
sage: F = E6^3 + E4^4*E2 + (E4^2*E6)*E2^2 + (E4^3 + E6^2)*E2^3
sage: F.is_homogeneous()
True

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Integer(1))
>>> E2, E4, E6 = QM.gens()
>>> (E2).is_homogeneous()
True
>>> (E2 + E4).is_homogeneous()
False
>>> (E2 * E4 + E6).is_homogeneous()
True
>>> QM(Integer(1)).is_homogeneous()
True
>>> (Integer(1) + E2).is_homogeneous()
False
>>> F = E6**Integer(3) + E4**Integer(4)*E2 + (E4**Integer(2)*E6)*E2**Integer(2) + (E4**Integer(3) + E6**Integer(2))*E2**Integer(3)
>>> F.is_homogeneous()
True

is_modular_form()[source]¶

Return whether the given quasimodular form is a modular form.

EXAMPLES:

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(1)
sage: (QM.0).is_modular_form()
False
sage: (QM.1).is_modular_form()
True
sage: (QM.1 + QM.2).is_modular_form() # mixed weight components
False
sage: QM.zero().is_modular_form()
True
sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(Gamma0(4))
sage: (QM.0).is_modular_form()
False
sage: (QM.1).is_modular_form()
True

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Integer(1))
>>> (QM.gen(0)).is_modular_form()
False
>>> (QM.gen(1)).is_modular_form()
True
>>> (QM.gen(1) + QM.gen(2)).is_modular_form() # mixed weight components
False
>>> QM.zero().is_modular_form()
True
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Gamma0(Integer(4)))
>>> (QM.gen(0)).is_modular_form()
False
>>> (QM.gen(1)).is_modular_form()
True

is_one()[source]¶

Return whether the given quasimodular form is 1, i.e. the multiplicative identity.

EXAMPLES:

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(1)
sage: QM.one().is_one()
True
sage: QM(1).is_one()
True
sage: (QM.0).is_one()
False
sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(Gamma0(2))
sage: QM(1).is_one()
True

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Integer(1))
>>> QM.one().is_one()
True
>>> QM(Integer(1)).is_one()
True
>>> (QM.gen(0)).is_one()
False
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Gamma0(Integer(2)))
>>> QM(Integer(1)).is_one()
True

is_zero()[source]¶

Return whether the given quasimodular form is zero.

EXAMPLES:

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(1)
sage: QM.zero().is_zero()
True
sage: QM(0).is_zero()
True
sage: QM(1/2).is_zero()
False
sage: (QM.0).is_zero()
False
sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(Gamma0(2))
sage: QM(0).is_zero()
True

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Integer(1))
>>> QM.zero().is_zero()
True
>>> QM(Integer(0)).is_zero()
True
>>> QM(Integer(1)/Integer(2)).is_zero()
False
>>> (QM.gen(0)).is_zero()
False
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Gamma0(Integer(2)))
>>> QM(Integer(0)).is_zero()
True

polynomial(names=None)[source]¶

Return a multivariate polynomial such that every variable corresponds to a generator of the ring, ordered by the method: gens().

An alias of this method is to_polynomial.

INPUT:

names– string (default: None); list or tuple of names (strings), or a comma separated string. Defines the names for the generators of the multivariate polynomial ring. The default names are of the form ABCk where k is a number corresponding to the weight of the form ABC.

OUTPUT: a multivariate polynomial in the variables names

EXAMPLES:

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(1)
sage: (QM.0 + QM.1).polynomial()
E4 + E2
sage: (1/2 + QM.0 + 2*QM.1^2 + QM.0*QM.2).polynomial()
E2*E6 + 2*E4^2 + E2 + 1/2

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Integer(1))
>>> (QM.gen(0) + QM.gen(1)).polynomial()
E4 + E2
>>> (Integer(1)/Integer(2) + QM.gen(0) + Integer(2)*QM.gen(1)**Integer(2) + QM.gen(0)*QM.gen(2)).polynomial()
E2*E6 + 2*E4^2 + E2 + 1/2

Check that Issue #34569 is fixed:

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(Gamma1(3))
sage: QM.ngens()
5
sage: (QM.0 + QM.1 + QM.2*QM.1 + QM.3*QM.4).polynomial()
E3_1*E4_0 + E2_0*E3_0 + E2 + E2_0

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Gamma1(Integer(3)))
>>> QM.ngens()
5
>>> (QM.gen(0) + QM.gen(1) + QM.gen(2)*QM.gen(1) + QM.gen(3)*QM.gen(4)).polynomial()
E3_1*E4_0 + E2_0*E3_0 + E2 + E2_0

q_expansion(prec=6)[source]¶

Return the \(q\)-expansion of the given quasimodular form up to precision prec (default: 6).

An alias of this method is qexp.

EXAMPLES:

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms()
sage: E2 = QM.0
sage: E2.q_expansion()
1 - 24*q - 72*q^2 - 96*q^3 - 168*q^4 - 144*q^5 + O(q^6)
sage: E2.q_expansion(prec=10)
1 - 24*q - 72*q^2 - 96*q^3 - 168*q^4 - 144*q^5 - 288*q^6 - 192*q^7 - 360*q^8 - 312*q^9 + O(q^10)

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms()
>>> E2 = QM.gen(0)
>>> E2.q_expansion()
1 - 24*q - 72*q^2 - 96*q^3 - 168*q^4 - 144*q^5 + O(q^6)
>>> E2.q_expansion(prec=Integer(10))
1 - 24*q - 72*q^2 - 96*q^3 - 168*q^4 - 144*q^5 - 288*q^6 - 192*q^7 - 360*q^8 - 312*q^9 + O(q^10)

qexp(prec=6)[source]¶

Return the \(q\)-expansion of the given quasimodular form up to precision prec (default: 6).

An alias of this method is qexp.

EXAMPLES:

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms()
sage: E2 = QM.0
sage: E2.q_expansion()
1 - 24*q - 72*q^2 - 96*q^3 - 168*q^4 - 144*q^5 + O(q^6)
sage: E2.q_expansion(prec=10)
1 - 24*q - 72*q^2 - 96*q^3 - 168*q^4 - 144*q^5 - 288*q^6 - 192*q^7 - 360*q^8 - 312*q^9 + O(q^10)

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms()
>>> E2 = QM.gen(0)
>>> E2.q_expansion()
1 - 24*q - 72*q^2 - 96*q^3 - 168*q^4 - 144*q^5 + O(q^6)
>>> E2.q_expansion(prec=Integer(10))
1 - 24*q - 72*q^2 - 96*q^3 - 168*q^4 - 144*q^5 - 288*q^6 - 192*q^7 - 360*q^8 - 312*q^9 + O(q^10)

serre_derivative()[source]¶

Return the Serre derivative of the given quasimodular form.

If the form is not homogeneous, then this method sums the Serre derivative of each homogeneous component.

EXAMPLES:

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(1)
sage: E2, E4, E6 = QM.gens()
sage: DE2 = E2.serre_derivative(); DE2
-1/6 - 16*q - 216*q^2 - 832*q^3 - 2248*q^4 - 4320*q^5 + O(q^6)
sage: DE2 == (-E2^2 - E4)/12
True
sage: DE4 = E4.serre_derivative(); DE4
-1/3 + 168*q + 5544*q^2 + 40992*q^3 + 177576*q^4 + 525168*q^5 + O(q^6)
sage: DE4 == (-1/3) * E6
True
sage: DE6 = E6.serre_derivative(); DE6
-1/2 - 240*q - 30960*q^2 - 525120*q^3 - 3963120*q^4 - 18750240*q^5 + O(q^6)
sage: DE6 == (-1/2) * E4^2
True

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Integer(1))
>>> E2, E4, E6 = QM.gens()
>>> DE2 = E2.serre_derivative(); DE2
-1/6 - 16*q - 216*q^2 - 832*q^3 - 2248*q^4 - 4320*q^5 + O(q^6)
>>> DE2 == (-E2**Integer(2) - E4)/Integer(12)
True
>>> DE4 = E4.serre_derivative(); DE4
-1/3 + 168*q + 5544*q^2 + 40992*q^3 + 177576*q^4 + 525168*q^5 + O(q^6)
>>> DE4 == (-Integer(1)/Integer(3)) * E6
True
>>> DE6 = E6.serre_derivative(); DE6
-1/2 - 240*q - 30960*q^2 - 525120*q^3 - 3963120*q^4 - 18750240*q^5 + O(q^6)
>>> DE6 == (-Integer(1)/Integer(2)) * E4**Integer(2)
True

The Serre derivative raises the weight of homogeneous elements by 2:

Sage

sage: F = E6 + E4 * E2
sage: F.weight()
6
sage: F.serre_derivative().weight()
8

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> F = E6 + E4 * E2
>>> F.weight()
6
>>> F.serre_derivative().weight()
8

Check that Issue #34569 is fixed:

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(Gamma1(3))
sage: E2 = QM.weight_2_eisenstein_series()
sage: E2.serre_derivative()
-1/6 - 16*q - 216*q^2 - 832*q^3 - 2248*q^4 - 4320*q^5 + O(q^6)
sage: F = QM.0 + QM.1*QM.2

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Gamma1(Integer(3)))
>>> E2 = QM.weight_2_eisenstein_series()
>>> E2.serre_derivative()
-1/6 - 16*q - 216*q^2 - 832*q^3 - 2248*q^4 - 4320*q^5 + O(q^6)
>>> F = QM.gen(0) + QM.gen(1)*QM.gen(2)

to_polynomial(names=None)[source]¶

Return a multivariate polynomial such that every variable corresponds to a generator of the ring, ordered by the method: gens().

An alias of this method is to_polynomial.

INPUT:

names– string (default: None); list or tuple of names (strings), or a comma separated string. Defines the names for the generators of the multivariate polynomial ring. The default names are of the form ABCk where k is a number corresponding to the weight of the form ABC.

OUTPUT: a multivariate polynomial in the variables names

EXAMPLES:

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(1)
sage: (QM.0 + QM.1).polynomial()
E4 + E2
sage: (1/2 + QM.0 + 2*QM.1^2 + QM.0*QM.2).polynomial()
E2*E6 + 2*E4^2 + E2 + 1/2

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Integer(1))
>>> (QM.gen(0) + QM.gen(1)).polynomial()
E4 + E2
>>> (Integer(1)/Integer(2) + QM.gen(0) + Integer(2)*QM.gen(1)**Integer(2) + QM.gen(0)*QM.gen(2)).polynomial()
E2*E6 + 2*E4^2 + E2 + 1/2

Check that Issue #34569 is fixed:

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(Gamma1(3))
sage: QM.ngens()
5
sage: (QM.0 + QM.1 + QM.2*QM.1 + QM.3*QM.4).polynomial()
E3_1*E4_0 + E2_0*E3_0 + E2 + E2_0

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Gamma1(Integer(3)))
>>> QM.ngens()
5
>>> (QM.gen(0) + QM.gen(1) + QM.gen(2)*QM.gen(1) + QM.gen(3)*QM.gen(4)).polynomial()
E3_1*E4_0 + E2_0*E3_0 + E2 + E2_0

weight()[source]¶

Return the weight of the given quasimodular form.

Note that the given form must be homogeneous. An alias of this method is degree.

EXAMPLES:

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(1)
sage: (QM.0).weight()
2
sage: (QM.0 * QM.1 + QM.2).weight()
6
sage: QM(1/2).weight()
0
sage: (QM.0).degree()
2
sage: (QM.0 + QM.1).weight()
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: the given graded quasiform is not an homogeneous element

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Integer(1))
>>> (QM.gen(0)).weight()
2
>>> (QM.gen(0) * QM.gen(1) + QM.gen(2)).weight()
6
>>> QM(Integer(1)/Integer(2)).weight()
0
>>> (QM.gen(0)).degree()
2
>>> (QM.gen(0) + QM.gen(1)).weight()
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: the given graded quasiform is not an homogeneous element

weights_list()[source]¶

Return the list of the weights of all the graded components of the given graded quasimodular form.

EXAMPLES:

Sage

sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(1)
sage: (QM.0).weights_list()
[2]
sage: (QM.0 + QM.1 + QM.2).weights_list()
[2, 4, 6]
sage: (QM.0 * QM.1 + QM.2).weights_list()
[6]
sage: QM(1/2).weights_list()
[0]
sage: QM = QuasiModularForms(Gamma1(3))
sage: (QM.0 + QM.1 + QM.2*QM.1 + QM.3*QM.4).weights_list()
[2, 5, 7]

Python

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Integer(1))
>>> (QM.gen(0)).weights_list()
[2]
>>> (QM.gen(0) + QM.gen(1) + QM.gen(2)).weights_list()
[2, 4, 6]
>>> (QM.gen(0) * QM.gen(1) + QM.gen(2)).weights_list()
[6]
>>> QM(Integer(1)/Integer(2)).weights_list()
[0]
>>> QM = QuasiModularForms(Gamma1(Integer(3)))
>>> (QM.gen(0) + QM.gen(1) + QM.gen(2)*QM.gen(1) + QM.gen(3)*QM.gen(4)).weights_list()
[2, 5, 7]