Abstract base class for modules#

AUTHORS:

  • William Stein: initial version

  • Julian Rueth (2014-05-10): category parameter for Module, doc cleanup

EXAMPLES:

A minimal example of a module:

sage: from sage.structure.richcmp import richcmp
sage: class MyElement(sage.structure.element.ModuleElement):
....:     def __init__(self, parent, x):
....:         self.x = x
....:         sage.structure.element.ModuleElement.__init__(self, parent=parent)
....:     def _lmul_(self, c):
....:         return self.parent()(c*self.x)
....:     def _add_(self, other):
....:         return self.parent()(self.x + other.x)
....:     def _richcmp_(self, other, op):
....:         return richcmp(self.x, other.x, op)
....:     def __hash__(self):
....:         return hash(self.x)
....:     def _repr_(self):
....:         return repr(self.x)

sage: from sage.modules.module import Module
sage: class MyModule(Module):
....:     Element = MyElement
....:     def _element_constructor_(self, x):
....:         if isinstance(x, MyElement): x = x.x
....:         return self.element_class(self, self.base_ring()(x))
....:     def __eq__(self, other):
....:         if not isinstance(other, MyModule): return False
....:         return self.base_ring() == other.base_ring()
....:     def __hash__(self):
....:         return hash(self.base_ring())

sage: M = MyModule(QQ)
sage: M(1)
1

sage: import __main__
sage: __main__.MyModule = MyModule
sage: __main__.MyElement = MyElement
sage: TestSuite(M).run()
class sage.modules.module.Module#

Bases: Parent

Generic module class.

INPUT:

  • base – a ring. The base ring of the module.

  • category – a category (default: None), the category for this module. If None, then this is set to the category of modules/vector spaces over base.

  • names – names of generators

EXAMPLES:

sage: from sage.modules.module import Module
sage: M = Module(ZZ)
sage: M.base_ring()
Integer Ring
sage: M.category()
Category of modules over Integer Ring

Normally the category is set to the category of modules over base. If base is a field, then the category is the category of vector spaces over base:

sage: M_QQ = Module(QQ)
sage: M_QQ.category()
Category of vector spaces over Rational Field

The category parameter can be used to set a more specific category:

sage: N = Module(ZZ, category=FiniteDimensionalModulesWithBasis(ZZ))
sage: N.category()
Category of finite dimensional modules with basis over Integer Ring
base_extend(R)#

Return the base extension of self to \(R\).

This is the same as self.change_ring(R) except that a TypeError is raised if there is no canonical coerce map from the base ring of self to \(R\).

INPUT:

  • R – ring

EXAMPLES:

sage: V = ZZ^7                                                              # needs sage.modules
sage: V.base_extend(QQ)                                                     # needs sage.modules
Vector space of dimension 7 over Rational Field
change_ring(R)#

Return the base change of self to \(R\).

EXAMPLES:

sage: from sage.modular.modform.space import ModularFormsSpace              # needs sage.modular
sage: ModularFormsSpace(Gamma0(11), 2,                                      # needs sage.modular sage.rings.finite_rings
....:                   DirichletGroup(1)[0], QQ).change_ring(GF(7))
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
NotImplementedError: the method change_ring() has not yet been implemented
endomorphism_ring()#

Return the endomorphism ring of this module in its category.

EXAMPLES:

sage: from sage.modules.module import Module
sage: M = Module(ZZ)
sage: M.endomorphism_ring()
Set of Morphisms
 from <sage.modules.module.Module object at ...>
   to <sage.modules.module.Module object at ...>
   in Category of modules over Integer Ring
sage.modules.module.is_Module(x)#

Return True if x is a module, False otherwise.

INPUT:

  • x – anything.

EXAMPLES:

sage: from sage.modules.module import is_Module
sage: M = FreeModule(RationalField(),30)                                        # needs sage.modules
sage: is_Module(M)                                                              # needs sage.modules
True
sage: is_Module(10)
False
sage.modules.module.is_VectorSpace(x)#

Return True if x is a vector space, False otherwise.

INPUT:

  • x – anything.

EXAMPLES:

sage: # needs sage.modules
sage: from sage.modules.module import is_Module, is_VectorSpace
sage: M = FreeModule(RationalField(),30)
sage: is_VectorSpace(M)
True
sage: M = FreeModule(IntegerRing(),30)
sage: is_Module(M)
True
sage: is_VectorSpace(M)
False