Datatypes for finite words

class sage.combinat.words.word_datatypes.WordDatatype[source]

Bases: object

The generic WordDatatype class.

Any word datatype must contain two attributes (at least):

  • _parent

  • _hash

They are automatically defined here and it’s not necessary (and forbidden) to define them anywhere else.

class sage.combinat.words.word_datatypes.WordDatatype_list[source]

Bases: WordDatatype

Datatype class for words defined by lists.

length()[source]

Return the length of the word.

EXAMPLES:

sage: w = Word([0,1,1,0])
sage: w.length()
4

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> w = Word([Integer(0),Integer(1),Integer(1),Integer(0)])
>>> w.length()
4
number_of_letter_occurrences(a)[source]

Return the number of occurrences of the letter a in the word self.

INPUT:

  • a – a letter

OUTPUT: integer

EXAMPLES:

sage: w = Word([0,1,1,0,1])
sage: w.number_of_letter_occurrences(0)
2
sage: w.number_of_letter_occurrences(1)
3
sage: w.number_of_letter_occurrences(2)
0

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> w = Word([Integer(0),Integer(1),Integer(1),Integer(0),Integer(1)])
>>> w.number_of_letter_occurrences(Integer(0))
2
>>> w.number_of_letter_occurrences(Integer(1))
3
>>> w.number_of_letter_occurrences(Integer(2))
0

See also

sage.combinat.words.finite_word.FiniteWord_class.number_of_factor_occurrences()

class sage.combinat.words.word_datatypes.WordDatatype_str[source]

Bases: WordDatatype

Datatype for words defined by strings.

find(sub, start=0, end=None)[source]

Return the index of the first occurrence of sub in self, such that sub is contained within self[start:end]. Returns -1 on failure.

INPUT:

  • sub – string or word to search for

  • start – nonnegative integer (default: 0) specifying the position from which to start the search.

  • end – nonnegative integer (default: None); specifying the position at which the search must stop. If None, then the search is performed up to the end of the string.

OUTPUT: nonnegative integer or \(-1\)

EXAMPLES:

sage: w = Word("abbabaabababa")
sage: w.find("a")
0
sage: w.find("a", 4)
5
sage: w.find("a", 4, 5)
-1

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> w = Word("abbabaabababa")
>>> w.find("a")
0
>>> w.find("a", Integer(4))
5
>>> w.find("a", Integer(4), Integer(5))
-1
has_prefix(other)[source]

Test whether self has other as a prefix.

INPUT:

  • other – a word (an instance of Word_class) or a str

OUTPUT: boolean

EXAMPLES:

sage: w = Word("abbabaabababa")
sage: u = Word("abbab")
sage: w.has_prefix(u)
True
sage: u.has_prefix(w)
False
sage: u.has_prefix("abbab")
True

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> w = Word("abbabaabababa")
>>> u = Word("abbab")
>>> w.has_prefix(u)
True
>>> u.has_prefix(w)
False
>>> u.has_prefix("abbab")
True
has_suffix(other)[source]

Test whether self has other as a suffix.

INPUT:

  • other – a word (an instance of Word_class) or a str

OUTPUT: boolean

EXAMPLES:

sage: w = Word("abbabaabababa")
sage: u = Word("ababa")
sage: w.has_suffix(u)
True
sage: u.has_suffix(w)
False
sage: u.has_suffix("ababa")
True

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> w = Word("abbabaabababa")
>>> u = Word("ababa")
>>> w.has_suffix(u)
True
>>> u.has_suffix(w)
False
>>> u.has_suffix("ababa")
True
is_prefix(other)[source]

Test whether self is a prefix of other.

INPUT:

  • other – a word (an instance of Word_class) or a str

OUTPUT: boolean

EXAMPLES:

sage: w = Word("abbabaabababa")
sage: u = Word("abbab")
sage: w.is_prefix(u)
False
sage: u.is_prefix(w)
True
sage: u.is_prefix("abbabaabababa")
True

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> w = Word("abbabaabababa")
>>> u = Word("abbab")
>>> w.is_prefix(u)
False
>>> u.is_prefix(w)
True
>>> u.is_prefix("abbabaabababa")
True
is_suffix(other)[source]

Test whether self is a suffix of other.

INPUT:

  • other – a word (an instance of Word_class) or a str

OUTPUT: boolean

EXAMPLES:

sage: w = Word("abbabaabababa")
sage: u = Word("ababa")
sage: w.is_suffix(u)
False
sage: u.is_suffix(w)
True
sage: u.is_suffix("abbabaabababa")
True

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> w = Word("abbabaabababa")
>>> u = Word("ababa")
>>> w.is_suffix(u)
False
>>> u.is_suffix(w)
True
>>> u.is_suffix("abbabaabababa")
True
length()[source]

Return the length of the word.

EXAMPLES:

sage: w = Word("abbabaabababa")
sage: w.length()
13

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> w = Word("abbabaabababa")
>>> w.length()
13
number_of_letter_occurrences(letter)[source]

Count the number of occurrences of letter.

INPUT:

  • letter – a letter

OUTPUT: integer

EXAMPLES:

sage: w = Word("abbabaabababa")
sage: w.number_of_letter_occurrences('a')
7
sage: w.number_of_letter_occurrences('b')
6
sage: w.number_of_letter_occurrences('c')
0

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> w = Word("abbabaabababa")
>>> w.number_of_letter_occurrences('a')
7
>>> w.number_of_letter_occurrences('b')
6
>>> w.number_of_letter_occurrences('c')
0


sage: w.number_of_letter_occurrences('abb')
0

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> w.number_of_letter_occurrences('abb')
0

See also

sage.combinat.words.finite_word.FiniteWord_class.number_of_factor_occurrences()

partition(sep)[source]

Search for the separator sep in S, and return the part before it, the separator itself, and the part after it. The concatenation of the terms in the list gives back the initial word.

See also the split method.

Note

This just wraps Python’s builtin str::partition() for str.

INPUT:

  • sep – string or word

EXAMPLES:

sage: w = Word("MyTailorIsPoor")
sage: w.partition("Tailor")
[word: My, word: Tailor, word: IsPoor]

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> w = Word("MyTailorIsPoor")
>>> w.partition("Tailor")
[word: My, word: Tailor, word: IsPoor]


sage: w = Word("3230301030323212323032321210121232121010")
sage: l = w.partition("323")
sage: print(l)
[word: , word: 323, word: 0301030323212323032321210121232121010]
sage: sum(l, Word('')) == w
True

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> w = Word("3230301030323212323032321210121232121010")
>>> l = w.partition("323")
>>> print(l)
[word: , word: 323, word: 0301030323212323032321210121232121010]
>>> sum(l, Word('')) == w
True

If the separator is not a string an error is raised:

sage: w = Word("le papa du papa du papa etait un petit pioupiou")
sage: w.partition(Word(['p','a','p','a']))
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: the separator must be a string

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> w = Word("le papa du papa du papa etait un petit pioupiou")
>>> w.partition(Word(['p','a','p','a']))
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: the separator must be a string
rfind(sub, start=0, end=None)[source]

Return the index of the last occurrence of sub in self, such that sub is contained within self[start:end]. Returns -1 on failure.

INPUT:

  • sub – string or word to search for

  • start – nonnegative integer (default: 0) specifying the position at which the search must stop.

  • end – nonnegative integer (default: None); specifying the position from which to start the search. If None, then the search is performed up to the end of the string.

OUTPUT: nonnegative integer or \(-1\)

EXAMPLES:

sage: w = Word("abbabaabababa")
sage: w.rfind("a")
12
sage: w.rfind("a", 4, 8)
6
sage: w.rfind("a", 4, 5)
-1

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> w = Word("abbabaabababa")
>>> w.rfind("a")
12
>>> w.rfind("a", Integer(4), Integer(8))
6
>>> w.rfind("a", Integer(4), Integer(5))
-1
split(sep=None, maxsplit=None)[source]

Return a list of words, using sep as a delimiter string. If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit splits are done.

See also the partition method.

Note

This just wraps Python’s builtin str::split() for str.

INPUT:

  • sep – string or word (default: None)

  • maxsplit – positive integer (default: None)

OUTPUT: list of words

EXAMPLES:

You can split along white space to find words in a sentence:

sage: w = Word("My tailor is poor")
sage: w.split(" ")
[word: My, word: tailor, word: is, word: poor]

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> w = Word("My tailor is poor")
>>> w.split(" ")
[word: My, word: tailor, word: is, word: poor]

The python behavior is kept when no argument is given:

sage: w.split()
[word: My, word: tailor, word: is, word: poor]

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> w.split()
[word: My, word: tailor, word: is, word: poor]

You can split in two words letters to get the length of blocks in the other letter:

sage: w = Word("ababbabaaba")
sage: w.split('a')
[word: , word: b, word: bb, word: b, word: , word: b, word: ]
sage: w.split('b')
[word: a, word: a, word: , word: a, word: aa, word: a]

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> w = Word("ababbabaaba")
>>> w.split('a')
[word: , word: b, word: bb, word: b, word: , word: b, word: ]
>>> w.split('b')
[word: a, word: a, word: , word: a, word: aa, word: a]

You can split along words:

sage: w = Word("3230301030323212323032321")
sage: w.split("32")
[word: , word: 30301030, word: , word: 12, word: 30, word: , word: 1]

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> w = Word("3230301030323212323032321")
>>> w.split("32")
[word: , word: 30301030, word: , word: 12, word: 30, word: , word: 1]

If the separator is not a string a ValueError is raised:

sage: w = Word("le papa du papa du papa etait un petit pioupiou")
sage: w.split(Word(['p','a','p','a']))
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: the separator must be a string

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> w = Word("le papa du papa du papa etait un petit pioupiou")
>>> w.split(Word(['p','a','p','a']))
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
ValueError: the separator must be a string
class sage.combinat.words.word_datatypes.WordDatatype_tuple[source]

Bases: WordDatatype

Datatype class for words defined by tuples.

length()[source]

Return the length of the word.

EXAMPLES:

sage: w = Word((0,1,1,0))
sage: w.length()
4

>>> from sage.all import *
>>> w = Word((Integer(0),Integer(1),Integer(1),Integer(0)))
>>> w.length()
4